- 1.Infections (including Viral Hepatitis) (4 references)
- 2.Cancer (Condition after Cancer Surgery and Unspecified Adverse Drug Reactions of Anti-cancer Drugs) (22 references)
- 3.Blood diseases including anaemia (2 references)
- 4.Metabolism and Endocrine Diseases (13 references)
- 5.Psychiatric/Behavioral Disorders (21 references)
- 6.Nervous System Diseases (including Alzheimer's Disease) (11 references)
- 8.Ear Diseases (1 reference)
- 9.Cardiovascular Diseases (7 references)
- 10.Respiratory Diseases (including Influenza and Rhinitis) (10 references)
- 11.Gastrointestinal, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases (21 references)
- 12.Skin Diseases (7 references)
- 13.Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (5 references)
- 14.Genitourinary Tract Disorders (including Climacteric Disorders) (11 references)
- 15.Ante/Post-partum Diseases (2 references)
- 18.Symptoms and Signs (18 references)
- 19.Injury, Poisoning, and Postoperative Pain (3 references)
- 21.Others (23 references)
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
1.Infections (including Viral Hepatitis) (4 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A09 | Effects of Kampo prescriptions on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | Various prescriptions | Okumi H. An EBM evaluation of Kampo prescriptions related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nihon Toyo Shinshin Igaku Keknkyu (Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine). 2010; 25: 95-9 (in Japanese with English abstract). | 4) RCT review | I |
| B08.1 | Clinical efficacy for molluscum contagiosum | yokuinin extract powder | Clinical research group for coix seed (yokuinin) extract powder. Therapeutic effect of coix seed (yokuinin) extract powder on molluscum contagiosum – well-controlled double blind trials by multi-institutes compared with placebo- . Hifu (Skin Research) 1987; 29: 762-73. | 2) | N |
| B18.2 | Clinical evaluation for chronic hepatitis C | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Gibo Y. Clinical evaluation of shosaikoto for chronic hepatitis C - long term comparison with no treatment group*. Kampo Igaku (Kampo Medicine) 1994; 18: 396-9. | 1) | N |
| B34.9 | Effects on immunocompetence in the elderly | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸) |
Yamamoto T, Tei M. Effects of Kampo medicine on immunocompetence in the elderly (III) - effects on the activity of the alternative complement pathway*. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1986; 3: 270-1. | 3) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
2.Cancer (Condition after Cancer Surgery and Unspecified Adverse Drug Reactions of Anti-cancer Drugs) (22 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C16.9 | To evaluate the effectiveness of rikkunshito for gastrointestinal symptoms after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer. | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Uehara R. An evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric mobility after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and an investigation of the usefulness of Rikkunshito (TJ-43). Dai 8 Kai Nippon Shokakan Gakkai Sokai Gakujutsu Syukai Workshop 4 PROCEEDING Jobu Shokaki Shojo to Kampo (Workshop 4 Proceedings of the 8th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Gastroenterological Association: Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Kampo) 2012: 16-7 (in Japanese). | 6) Report in article form Was included in structured abstracts up to EKAT 2014 but has been deleted following publication of a new paper. | N |
| C18.9 | Efficacy of oxaliplatin combined with hydroxycamptothecin as an adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer | Hydroxy-camptothecin | Yao Y, Zhao H, Sun Y, et al. Combined chemotherapy of hydroxycampothecin with oxaliplatin as an adjuvant treatment for human colorectal cancer. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 2008; 215: 267-78. | 2) | I |
| C18.9 | To evaluate the reduction in the number of days to postoperative flatulence and the anti-inflammatory efficacy of daikenchuto in patients who underwent laparotomy for large intestine carcinoma. | daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Yoshikawa K. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory efficacy of daikenchuto —A study in a fasted rat model and a randomized controlled trial in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer—. Dai 5 Kai Nippon Shokakan Gakkai Sokai Gakujutsu Syukai (5th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Gastroenterological Association) 2009:9-10. | 6) Report in article form Was included in structured abstracts up to EKAT 2014 but has been deleted following publication of a new paper. | N |
| C18.9 | Effectiveness of hangeshashinto for colorectal cancer chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis | hangeshashinto (半夏瀉心湯) |
Matsuda C, Kono T, Munemoto Y. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II study of TJ-14 (Hangeshashinto) for infusional fluorinated-pyrimidine-based colorectal cancer chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Annals of Cancer Research and Therapy 2013; 21: 26-30. | 5) Publication only includes protocols. | N |
| C18.9 | To evaluate the efficacy and safety of daikenchuto for postoperative bowel dysmotility after laparoscopic surgery. | daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Yaegashi M. Usefulness of daikenchuto in the laparoscopic colorectal cancer perioperative period. Progress in Medicine 2012; 32: 616-7 (in Japanese). | 6) Report in article form Was included in structured abstracts up to EKAT 2014 but has been deleted following publication of a new paper. | N |
| C22.0 | Preventive effect on hepatoma in patients with hepatic cirrhosis | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Yamamto S, Oka H, Kanno T, et al. Controlled prospective trial to evaluate syo-saiko-to for the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Gan to Kagaku Ryoho (Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy) 1989; 16: 1519-24. | 1) | C |
| C22.0 | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Oka H. Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma with sho-saiko-to. Rinsho Shokaki Naika (Clinical Gastroenterology) 1998; 13: 1525-30. | I | ||
| C22.0 | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Oka H, Kobayashi K, Yamamoto S. Prevention of hepatoma with shosaikoto*. Progress in Medicine 1992; 12: 1196-200. | I | ||
| C22.0 | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Oka H, Yamamoto S. Controlled prospective study of prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Biotherapy 1991; 5: 1867-73. | I | ||
| C22.0 | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Oka H, Yamamoto S, Kuroki T, et al. Prospective study on chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma with Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9).Cancer 1995; 76: 743-9. | C | ||
| C22.0 | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Oka H, Yamamoto S, Kanno T, et al. Controlled prospective evaluation of sho-saiko-to in prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chirrosis of the liver. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1989; 6: 40-4. | I | ||
| C22.0 | Effects on hepatic cirrhosis and hepatoma | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Yamauchi H, Nakayama S, Sato S, et al. Hepatic cirrhosis and hepatoma*. Current Therapy 1986; 4: 599-607. | 3) | N |
| C22.0 | Protective effect of juzentaihoto on hepatocarcinogenesis | juzentaihoto (十全大補湯) |
Tsuchiya M, Kono H, Matsuda M, et al. Protective effect of juzen-taiho-to on hepatocarcinogenesis is mediated through the inhibition of Kupffer cell-induced oxidative stress. International Journal of Cancer 2008; 123: 2503-11. | 6) This was a basic study | C |
| C34.9 | Effects on the adverse effects of chemotherapy for lung cancer | juzentaihoto (十全大補湯) |
Okimoto N, Yoshida K, Tamada S, et al. Effects of TSUMURA Juzentaihoto on myelosuppression by anticancer agents*. Shindan to Chiryo (Diagnosis and Treatment) 1993; 81: 2040-3. | 1) | N |
| C56 | Effects on the adverse effects of anticancer agents in patients with ovarian cancer | kamikihito (加味帰脾湯) |
Ikeda A, Higashio S, Ushiroyama T, et al. Experience with administration of kamikihito with chemotherapy and palliative care in patients with gynecologic cancer. Sanfujinka Kampo Kenkyu no Ayumi (Recent Progress of Kampo Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology) 2003; 20: 152-5. | 1) Although this was a randomized study, Kampo medicine use was not randomized. | I |
| C57.9 | Effects on the adverse effects of chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer | juzentaihoto (十全大補湯) |
Matsui H, Takamizawa H. Effects of juzentaihoto on adverse effects of chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer*. Kampo Kenkyu no Ayumi (Recent Progress of Kampo Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology) 1993; 10: 104-9. | 1) | N |
| C57.9 | Evaluation of goshajinkigan on myalgia and arthralgia concurrent with chemotherapy for gynecological cancer | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸), keishikajutsubuto (桂枝加朮附湯) |
Sato Y, Yamamoto S, Tagami K, et al. The effects of Kampo medicines on the adverse effects (myalgia, arthralgia, numbness) of TC therapy - A crossover study of goshajinkigan and keishikajutsubuto. Sanfujinka Kampo Kenkyu no Ayumi (Recent Progress of Kampo Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology) 2015; 32: 68-71. | 1) | I&N |
| C80 | Effects on gastrointestinal complaints in postoperative patients with esophageal and lung cancer | Kampo medicines (rikkunshito [六君子湯], ninjin’yoeito [人参養栄湯], bakumondoto [麦門冬湯], and saireito [柴苓湯]） |
Shikama T, Abo S. Usefulness of Kampo medicines in postoperative patients with esophageal and lung cancer - especially for gastrointestinal complaints*. Roka to Shikkan (Ageing and Diseases) 1996; 9: 103-6. | 1) | N |
| C80 | Effects in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Li S, Nabeya K, Yamada T, et al. Experience with postoperative administration of rikkunshito*. Dai-3-kai Rinsho WAKAN-YAKU Kenkyukai Koen Kirokusyu (Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting of the WAKAN-YAKU Medical and Pharmaceutical Society) 1986: 4-6. |
3) | N |
| C80.0 | Usefulness for fatigue associated with cancer chemotherapy. | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) |
Motoo Y, Nakatani N, Shimasaki T, et al. Usefulness of hochuekkito for fatigue associated with cancer chemotherapy*. Gan Chiryo no Ayumi (Advances in Cancer Treatment) 2009; 28: 39-43. | 5) | N |
| C90.0 | Effect of ninjin’yoeito on patients with multiple myeloma | ninjin’yoeito (人参養栄湯) |
Nomura S, Ishii K, Fujita Y, et al. Immunotherapeutic effects of Ninjin-youei-to on patients with multiple myeloma. Current Trends in Immunology 2014; 15: 19-27. | 1) | C&N |
| D25.9 | Effects of kampo treatment and gonadotropin-releasing hormone on uterine leiomyoma in perimenopausal women | shakuyakukanzoto (芍薬甘草湯), keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) |
Sakamoto S, Mitamura T, Iwasawa M, et al. Conservative management for perimenopausal women with uterine leiomyomas using Chinese herbal medicines and synthetic analogs of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. In Vivo 1998; 12: 333-8. | 1) | C |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
3. Blood diseases including anaemia (2 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D64.9 | Influence of juzentaihoto on hemoglobin recovery during preoperative autologous blood donation and after hip surgery | juzentaihoto (十全大補湯) |
Kishida Y, Nishii T, Inoue T, et al. Juzentaihoto (TJ-48), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, influences hemoglobin recovery during preoperative autologous blood donation and after hip surgery. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2009; 47: 716-21. | 1) | C |
| D64.9 | Evaluation of the relation between the clinical effects of tokishakuyakusan and Paeonia lactiflora raw materials | tokishakuyakusan (当帰芍薬散) |
Shimada K, Kawase M, Shibahara N, et al. The relation between clinical effects of tokishakuyakusan and the identity of Paeonia lactiflora materials. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2010; 132: 438-42. | 2) | C |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
4. Metabolism and Endocrine Diseases (13 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E10.4 | Therapeutic effect on numbness caused by diabetic neuropathy | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Sato Y. Diabetic complications and Kampo 1. Clinical effects of gosha-jinkigan for diabetic neuropathy. Nihon Toyo Igaku Zasshi (Kampo medicine) 2003; 54: 500-3. | 4) | I |
| E11.0 | Efficacy for insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Uno T, Ohsawa I, Tokudome M, et al. Effect of goshajinkigan on insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2005; 69: 129-35. | 1) | C |
| E11.6 | Improvement effect of yidiyin on erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients | yindin | Feng X, Qin C, Leng J, et al. Yidiyin, a Chinese herbal decoction, improves erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients and rats through the NO-cGMP pathway. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 2012; 76: 257-63. | 2) Chinese decoction | I |
| E11.9 | The anti-HSP antibody-reducing effect of rokumijiogan and goshajinkigan in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes | rokumigan (六味丸) goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Tomii M, Kobayashi T, Sekiguchi Y, et al. The effects of Kampo formulations on anti-hsp antibody titer of the non insulin depended diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1998; 15: 274-5. | 1) | N |
| E13.6 | Effects on diabetic complications | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Sato Y. Measures and treatments for diabetic complications*. Fukuoka Ishi Kampo Kenkyukai Kaiho 1988; 9: 1-36. | 4) | I |
| E14.4 | Effects on diabetic neuropathy | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Tawata M, Kurihara A, Nitta K, et al. The effects of goshajinkigan, an herbal medicine, on subjective symptoms and vibratory threshold in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1994; 26: 121-8. | 1) | C |
| E28.3 | Effects on luteal phase deficiency | tokishakuyakusan (当帰芍薬散) |
Usuki S, Nakauchi T, Higa S, et al. The improvement of luteal insufficiency in fecund women by tokishakuyakusan treatment. American Journal of Chinese Medicine 2002; 30: 327-38. | 1) | C |
| E28.9 | Effects on FSH, LH, and estradiol levels in women with amenorrhea | unkeito (温経湯) |
Usuki S, Nakauchi T, Higa S, et al. The improvement of luteal insufficiency in fecund women by tokishakuyakusan treatment. American Journal of Chinese Medicine 2002; 30: 327-38. | 1) | C |
| E34.8 | Effect of ninjin’yoeito on Werner's syndrome skin fibroblasts | ninjin’yoeito (人参養栄湯) |
Uchiyama Y, Nakajima S, Ohno T, et al. The effect of ninjinyoeito on Werner's syndrome skin fibroblasts. American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 1992; 20: 295-305. | 6) This was a basic study. | C |
| E66.9 | Effect on body fat mass or distribution. | - | Goto T, Matsushita D, Takasuka Y, et al. Evaluation of improvement effect on obesity for the uptake of the tea product “Gokusen Shanhai Koucha”. Igaku to Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science) 2004; 52: 349-58. | 2) | I |
| E78.5 | Combined effect of daisaikoto and probucol on hyperlipidemia associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) | daisaikoto (大柴胡湯) |
Murakami T, Oku J, Kimura Y, et al. The effect of Oriental medicine (dai-sai-ko-to) with probucol on lipoprotein metabolism in non-insulin dependent diabetics with hypercholesterolemia. Domyaku Koka (The Journal of Japan Atherosclerosis Society) 1991; 19: 839-46. | 1) | N |
| E88.9 | Effect of keishibukuryogan on endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) |
Nagata Y, Goto H, Hikiami H, et al. Effect of keishibukuryogan on endothelial function in patients with at least one component of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome: a controlled clinical trial with crossover design. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012; 2012: 1-10. doi: 10.1155/2012/359282 | 2) Homemade preparation | N |
| E88.9 | Effect of bofutsushosan on metabolic syndrome | bofutsushosan (防風通聖散) |
Wakasugi A. Clinical study of Kampo medicine on metabolic syndrome. Research Reports of Uehara Memorial Foundation[A1] 2012; 26: 105. | 5) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
5.Psychiatric/Behavioral Disorders (21 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F01.9 | Efficacy for vascular dementia | chotosan (釣藤散) |
Itoh T, Shimada Y, Terasawa K. Efficacy of choto-san on vascular dementia and the protective effect of the hooks and stems of Uncaria sinensis on glutamate-induced neuronal death. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 1999; 111: 155-73. | 4) | C |
| F03 | Effects on senile dementia | Yokukansanka- chimpihange (抑肝散陳皮半夏) |
Hayano T, Majima M, Kadomae S, et al. Effects of TSUMURA Yokukansankachimpihange extracts for various dementias (II)*. Kampo Igaku (Kampo Medicine) 1987; 11: 16-25. | 1) ,3) | I |
| F03 | Yokukansanka- chimpihange (抑肝散陳皮半夏) |
Hayano T. Effects of yokukansankachimpihange in the treatment of senile dementia*. Gendai Iryogaku 1989; 5: 109-13. | I | ||
| F03 | Effects of Kampo preparations in the treatment of senile dementia | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸) shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) yokukansan (抑肝散) |
Tei M, Yamamoto T. Effects of hachimijiogan on mental activity and performance status in elderly*. Gendai Iryogaku 1989; 5: 122-8. | 3) | N |
| F05.1 | Effects in the treatment of cholinesterase inhibitor-resistant visual hallucinations and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia and Lewy bodies | yokukansan (抑肝散) |
Iwasaki K, Maruyama M, Tomita N, et al. Effects of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine yi-gan san for cholinesterase inhibitor-resistant visual hallucinations and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia with lewy bodies. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2005; 66: 1612-3. | 1) | C |
| F10.0 | Preventive effects on hangover | orengedokuto (黄連解毒湯) |
Shichido T, Arichi S. Preventive effects of Kampo medicine (orengedokuto) on hangover - a double-blind randomized pilot study*. Igaku no Ayumi (Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine) 1988; 145: 789-95. | 3) | I |
| F17.2 | The efficacy of smoking cessation education with collaboration between pharmacies and healthcare centers | Nicorette | Oguri S, Sakata K. The efficacy study of smoking cessation education with collaboration between pharmacies and healthcare centers*. Nihon Mibyou Shisutemu Gakkai zasshi (The Journal of Japan Mibyou System Association) 2009; 14: 199-201. | 2) | I |
| F34.9 | Effects of Kampo therapy on mood disorder and depression | saikokaryukotsuboreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蛎湯) etc. |
Chijiwa T, Itoh T. Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine, EBM Team Report: Kampo therapy evidence for psychosomatic disease and stress-related disease 3) Mood disorder. Nihon Toyo Shinshin IOgaku Kenkyu (Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine) 2009; 24: 80-4 (in Japanese with English abstract). | 4) | I |
| F45.3 | Therapeutic effect of Kampo medicine on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | Saikokaryukotsu- boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蛎湯) |
Yamagiwa M. Effects of Kampo medicine on abnormal sensation in the throat of neurotic patients Jibi Inkoka Rinsho (Practica Otologica) 1998; 98 suppl: 52-5. | 1) ,3) | N |
| F45.3 | Effects on depressive pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | saibokuto (柴朴湯) |
Yamagiwa M. Effects of saibokuto in patients with depressive pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia*. Kampo Igaku (Kampo Medicine) 1998; 22: 19-22. | 1) ,3) | N |
| F45.3 | Therapeutic effect on depressive pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | saibokuto (柴朴湯) |
Furukawa K, Ishii T. Therapeutic effect of saibokuto vs. placebo on depressive pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia*. Jibiinkoka Tenbo (Oto-rhino-laryngology, Tokyo) 1988; 31: 1111-21. | 3) | I |
| F45.3 | Therapeutic effect on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | bukuryoingo-hangekobokuto (茯苓飲合半夏厚朴湯) |
Kobayashi H, Soma M, Takano S, et al. Therapeutic effects of bukuryoingo-hangekobokuto on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia*. Jibiinkoka Tenbo (Oto-rhino-laryngology, Tokyo) 1986; 29 suppl: 309-13. | 3) | N |
| F45.3 | Effects on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | Saikokaryukotsu- boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蠣湯) saireito (柴苓湯) |
Yamagiwa M. Effects of Kampo medicine on abnormal sensation in the throat of neurotic patients. Kampo to Saishin Chiryo (Kampo & The Newest Therapy) 1998; 7: 153-6. | 1) , 3) | N |
| F45.3 | Effects on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | Saikokaryukotsu- boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蠣湯) saireito (柴苓湯) |
Yamagiwa M. Effect of saiboku-to on throat discomfort of patients with psychological symptoms. Kampo to Saishin Chiryo (Kampo & The Newest Therapy) 1999; 7: 353-8. | 1) | N |
| F45.3 | Effects on pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia | Saikokaryukotsu- boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蠣湯) saireito (柴苓湯) |
Yamagiwa M. The role of Kampo preparations in treating pharyngolaryngeal paresthesia*. Nihon Toyo Shinshin Igaku Kenkyu (Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine) 2001; 16: 36-8 (in Japanese with English abstract). | 1) , 3) | N |
| F45.9 | Evaluation of Kampo therapy for unidentified complaints. | "keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) ＋ orengedokuto (黄連解毒湯) kamishoyosan (加味逍遙散) tokishakuyakusan (当帰芍薬散) + ninjinto (人参湯)" |
Terasawa K, Kumagai A, Arichi S, et al. Research on Kampo therapy - study overview of clinical controlled trial of Kampo treatments of unidentified complaints*. Chiryogaku (Biomedicine and Therapeutics) 1986; 16 suppl: 54-5. | 3) | N |
| F45.9 | Therapeutic effect on unidentified complaints associated with circulatory insufficiency | rokushingan (六神丸) |
Kato H, Yano S, Hanasaki N, et al. Clinical evaluation of rokushin-gan on unidentified clinical complaints with circulatory insufficiencies – double blind comparative study of traditional and modified prescriptions in many hospitals-. Therapeutic Research 1988; 9: 785-800. | 2) | I |
| F48.0 | Effectiveness of Kampo medicines on fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome | Various prescriptions | Chijiwa T, Itoh T. Fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine 2010; 25: 90-4. | 4) RCT review | I |
| F48.9 | Unidentified complaints with tendency to neurosis (stress disease) |
orengedokuto (黄連解毒湯) |
Yamada K. 3. Kampo treatment in psychiatry. In: Role of Kampo medicines on the stress-related disorders in a modern society. Nihon Toyo Igaku Zasshi (Kampo Medicine) 1999; 49: 774-80. | 5) | N |
| F60.3 | Efficacy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder | yokukansan (抑肝散) |
Miyaoka T, Furuya M, YasudaH, et al. Yi-gan san for the treatment of borderline personality disorder: an open-label study.Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 2008; 32: 150-4. | 1) | C |
| F95.2 | Regulating dopamine, serotonin, and gamma-amino butyric acid in Tourette's Syndrome with ningdong granule | ningdong granule (寧動顆粒) |
Wang Shuzhen, Qi Fanghua, Li Jijun, et al. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Ningdong Granule on regulating dopamine (DA)/serotonin (5-TH) and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) in patients with Tourette syndrome. BioScience Trends 2012; 6: 212-8. | 2) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
6.Nervous System Diseases (including Alzheimer's Disease) (11 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G20 | Effectiveness of zengxiao anshen zhichan 1 on sleep disorder in Parkinson’s disease | zengxiao anshen zhichan 1 (増効安神止顫1号) |
Liu T, Onishi R, Shimokawara A, et al. A quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of zengxiao anshen zhichan 1 (ZAZ1) on sleep disorder in early-stage Parkinson’s disease using wristwatch-type accelerometer recorder. Journal of Japan Traditional Chinese Medicine Association 2012; 2: 8-18. | 2) | I |
| G24.0 | Efficacy in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia | yokukansan (抑肝散) |
Miyaoka T, Furuya M, YasudaH, et al. Yi-gan san for the treatment of neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia: an open-label study. Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 2008; 32: 761-4. | 1) | C |
| G30.9 | Effects on cognitive function in Alzheimer-type dementia | kamiuntanto (加味温胆湯) |
Maruyama M, Tomita N, Iwasaki K, et al. Benefits of combining donepezil plus traditional Japanese herbal medicine on cognition and brain perfusion in Alzheimer's disease: a 12-week observer-blind, donepezil monotherapy controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2006; 54: 869-71. | 2) | C |
| G40.2 | Clinical benefits for patients with partial epilepsy | shosaikotogo- keishikashakuyakuto (小柴胡湯合桂枝加芍薬湯) |
Nakane Y, Yamauchi T, Onuma T, et al. Clinical utility of TJ-960 in patients with localization related epilepsy – late phase II study: multicenter, double-blind study in comparison with placebo. Rinsho Hyoka (Clinical Evaluation) 1999; 26: 419-52. | 2) | I |
| G40.9 | Clinical application in arteriosclerosis, neurasthenia, nervous palpitation, epilepsy, and chronic kidney disease | Saikokaryukotsu-boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蛎湯) |
Sato J. Clinical application of saikokaryukotsuboreito in arteriosclerosis, neurasthenia, nervous palpitation, epilepsy, and chronic kidney disease *. Atsugi Byoin ishi (Atsugi Medical Journal) 1991; 11: 52-3. | 1) | N |
| G40.9 | Effects on epilepsy | shosaikotogo- keishikashakuyakuto (小柴胡湯合桂枝加芍薬湯) |
Nagakubo S, Niwa S, Kumagai N, et al. Effects of TJ-960 on Sternberg's paradigm results in epileptic patients. The Japanese Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology 1993; 47: 609-20. | 2) | C |
| G47.8 | Effectiveness and safety of yokukansan on REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) | yokukansan (抑肝散) |
Sasanabe R. Aiming for better sleep – Explanation: The effectiveness of yokukansan on REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) –A comparison with clonazepam – Science of Kampo Medicine 2013; 37: 22-5. | 6) Report in article form | N |
| G47.9 | Effect of yokukansanka-chimpihange on sleep in healthy adults | yokukansanka- chimpihange (抑肝散加陳皮半夏) |
Kanbayashi T, Aizawa R, Hayashi Y, et al. Aiming for better sleep – Explanation: The effect yokukansanka-chimpihange has on sleep in healthy adults. Science of Kampo Medicine 2013; 37: 34-37. | 6) Report in article form | N |
| G62.9 | Preventive effect of goshajinkigan on peripheral neurotoxicity of FOLFOX therapy | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Kono Toru, Mishima H, Shimada M, et al. Preventive effect of goshajinkigan on peripheral neurotoxicity of FOLFOX therapy: a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized phase II study (the GONE study). Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2009; 39: 847-9. | 5) | C&I |
| G90.9 | Effects of ninjin, oriental bezoar, and kanzo powder combination capsules on autonomic nerve activity | ninjin (人参) oriental bezoar (牛黄) and kanzo powder combination capsule (甘草末配合カプセル) |
Zheng A, Moritani T. Effect of the combination of ginseng, oriental bezoar and glycyrrhiza on autonomic nervous activity as evaluated by power spectral analysis of HRV and cardiac depolarization-repolarization process. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 2008; 54: 148-53. | 2) | I |
| G90.9 | Effects of ninjin, oriental bezoar, and kanzo powder combination capsules on autonomic nerve activity and the immune system | ninjin (人参) oriental bezoar (牛黄) and kanzo powder combination capsule (甘草末配合カプセル) |
Zheng A, Moritani T. Effect of the combination of ginseng, oriental bezoar and glycyrrhiza on autonomic nervous activity and immune system under mental arithmetic stress. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 2008; 54: 244-9. | 2) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
8.Ear Diseases (1 reference)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H65.9 | Efficacy for secretary otitis media in children | saireito (柴苓湯) |
Ikeda K, Takasaka T. Treatment of secretory otitis media with kampo medicine. Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 1988; 245: 234-6. | 1) | C |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
9.Cardiovascular Diseases (7 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I25.9 | Effects on blood rheology in patients with coronary heart disease | - | Wu X, Harada T, Ishizaki F, et al.Study on the effect of xinnaotongluo liquid on hemorheology in patients with coronary heart disease. International Medical Journal 2005; 12: 129-31. | 2) | I |
| I25.9 | Effect of Kampo medicines in facilitating functional recovery from brain hemorrhage | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸), tokakujokito (桃核承気湯), tsudosan (通導散) |
Yokoyama N, Hagiwara N, Yokoyama Y, et al. Use of kampo medicine to facilitate absorption of brain hemorrhage and functional recovery of patients. Cerebrovascular diseases. 2012; 34 Suppl 1: 36. | 1) | C |
| I67.9 | Therapeutic effect of keishibukuryogan and trapidil on microcirculatory hemodynamics in patients with cerebrovascular accident | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) |
Itoh T, Terasawa K, Kohta K, et al. Effect of keishi-bukuryo-gan and trapidil on the microcirculation in patients with cerebro-spinal vascular disease. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1992; 9: 40-6. | 2) | I |
| I67.9 | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) |
Itoh T, Terasawa K, Kohta K, et al. Effects of keishi-bukuryo-gan and Trapidil on the microcirculation in patiens with cerebro- spinal vascular disease. Toyama Kenritsu Chuo Byoin Igaku Zasshi (The Medical Journal of Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital) 1993; 16: 74-80. | N | ||
| I69.8 | Effects on sequelae of cerebrovascular accidents | orengedokuto (黄連解毒湯) |
Araki G. Effects of TSUMURA Orengedokuto for sequelae of cerebrovascular accident*. Geriatric Medicine 1991; 29: 1587-99. | 1) | N |
| I67.9 | Effectiveness and safety of hachimijiogan in patients with hypertension or cerebrovascular disease and concomitant symptoms | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸) |
Ito K, Yamamoto H, Saibara T, et al. The usefulness of Kanebo Hachimijiogan in patients with hypertension or cerebrovascular disease [excluding acute phase symptoms] and their concomitant symptoms: a multicenter, double-blind, crossover study. Shindan to Chiryo (Diagnosis and Treatment) 1988; 76: 1096–114 (in Japanese) | 3) Included in EKAT 2010, but excluded due to likelihood that pre-1985 Kampo preparations were used. | I |
| I73.0 | Usefulness of TSUMURA Ninjin’yoeito for Raynaud's symptoms | ninjin’yoeito (人参養栄湯) |
Tanabe E. Usefulness of TSUMURA Ninjin’yoeito for Raynaud's symptoms*. Hifuka ni Okeru Kampo Chiryo no Genkyo 1990; (1) : 113-24. | 1) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
10.Respiratory Diseases (including Influenza and Rhinitis) (10 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J00 | Effects on common cold syndrome and acute bronchitis | maobushisaishinto (麻黄附子細辛湯) |
Yamamoto T, Ounishi M, Yoshida K. Meta-analysis about effectiveness of mao-bushi-saishin-to in treating common cold syndrome. Health science 2001; 17: 94-9. | 1) | I |
| J00 | Therapeutic effect on cough in patients with common cold syndrome | maobushisaishinto (麻黄附子細辛湯) |
Nishizawa Y, Tomiyo N, Mayumi Y, et al. A randomized comparison of cough-improvement effects between mao-bushi-saishin-to and Western drugs for cold in common patients with allergic cold syndrome. Kampo to Meneki Arerugi (Kampo and Immuno-Allergy) 2005; 18: 56-67. | 5) | N |
| J10.1 | Comparison of the effects of oseltamivir and maoto on pediatric influenza A | maoto (麻黄湯) | Suzuki E, Ichihara K. Impact of Japanese herbal medicine, mao-to, compared to oseltamivir on fever course in children with Influenza type A. Gairai Shonika (The Journal of Ambulatory and General Pediatrics)2011; 14: 248-53. | 1) Not an RCT The choice of drugs was basically left up toparents/guardians, and only if there was no specific preference were the drugs administered alternately in order of examination. The fact that the drugs were administered in order of examination lends it to being described as a quasi-RCT, however, that fact, and the fact that the drugs were administered according to parents'/guardians' preferences, mean it does not fit the description of an RCT. |
I |
| J12.8 | Effects of integrated Chinese and western medicine on QOL in convalescent-phase SARS patients | - | Bian Y, Qi W, Song Q, et al. Effects of integrated Chinese and western medicine on QOL in convalescent-phase SARS patients*. Toho Igaku (Eastern Medicine) 2003; 19: 51-5. | 2) | I |
| J18.2 | Effect on aspiration pneumonia | seihaito (清肺湯) |
Mantani N, Kasahara Y, Kamata T, et al. Effect of seihai-to, a Kampo medicine, in relapsing aspiration pneumonia-an open label pilot study. Phytomedicine 2002; 9: 195-201. | 2) | C |
| J20.0 | Effect and tolerability of EPs 7630 for acute bronchitis | EPs 7630 | Kamin W, Ilyenko LI, Malek FA, et al. Treatment of acute bronchitis with EPs 7630: Randomized, controlled trial in children and adolescents. Pediatrics International 2012; 54: 219-26 | 2) | I |
| J30.1 | Outcomes of patients treated with mao-preparations for spring pollinosis | ryokankyomishinge-ninto (苓甘姜味辛夏仁湯), eppikajutsuto (越婢加朮湯), daiseiryuto (大青竜湯), keimakakuhanto (桂麻各半湯), gokoto (五虎湯), and maobushisaishinto (麻黄附子細辛湯) |
Mori H, Shimasaki M, Kurata F, et al. Outcome after six-year treatment with mao-preparations for spring pollinosis*. Progress in Medicine 2003; 23: 1925-9. | 4) | I |
| J44.8 | Therapeutic effect on diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) |
Sugiyama Y. Kampo therapy on diffuse panbronchiolitis. Kampo to Saishin Chiryo (Kampo & The Newest Therapy) 1997; 6: 263-7. | 1) | N |
| J45.9 | Effect on cough thresholds in asthmatic patients compared with emedastine difumarate | bakumondoto (麦門冬湯) |
Watanabe N, Gang C,Fukuda T. Comparison of traditional Chinese-Japanese herbal medicine bakumondo-to with emedastine difumarate on asthmatic patients with increase cough sensitivity.Journal of the World Allergy Organization 2003; suppl 1: 52 P-2-28. | 1) | C |
| J84.1 | Effectiveness of rikkunshito for gastrointestinal symptoms concurrent with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients treated with Pirfenidone | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Shimizu Y, Shimoyama Y, Kawada A, et al. Gastrointestinal symptoms in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients treated with Pirfenidone and herbal medicine. Journal of Biological Regulators Homeostatic Agents 2014; 28: 433-42. | 1) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
11.Gastrointestinal, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases (21 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K11.7 | Recovery effects against psychotropic drug-induced xerostomia | ninjin’yoeito (人参養栄湯), byakkokaninjinto (白虎加人参湯) |
Hara R, Yamagishi H, Okubo M, et al. The Effects of Kampo medicine against drug-induced xerostomia. Journal of Dental Research 2000; 79: 1239 No.36. | 6) This was a basic study. | C |
| K29.5 | Therapeutic effect on chronic gastritis | orento (黄連湯) |
Nakajima O, Sone M. Treatment with TSUMURA Orento for chronic gastritis*. Progress in Medicine 1994; 14: 1713-9. | 5) | N |
| K30.0 | Evaluation of Kampo preparations for functional dyspepsia | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Okumi H, Sekiya N, Terasawa K. Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine, EBM Team Report: Kampo therapy evidence for psychosomatic disease and stress-related disease 1) EBM evaluation of Kampo preparations for functional dyspepsia. Nihon Toyo Shinshin Igaku Kenkyu (Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine) 2009; 24: 70-75 (in Japanese with English abstract) | 4) | I |
| K30 | Baseline plasma des-acyl ghrelin level and responsiveness to rikkunshito in patients with functional dyspepsia | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Togawa K, Matsuzaki J, Kobayakawa M, et al. Association of baseline plasma des-acyl ghrelin level with the response to rikkunshito in patients with functional dyspepsia. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2016; 31(2): 334-341. | 1) | C |
| K51.2 | Palliative effect of an herbal preparation on ulcerative proctitis | xilei san suppository (シレイサン) |
Fukunaga K, Ohda Y, Hida N, et al. Placebo controlled evaluation of Xilei San, a herbal preparation in patients with intractable ulcerative proctitis. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. 2012; 27: 1808-15. | 2) | C |
| K59.0 | Laxative effects | hyakudoku-kudashi (百毒下し) |
Sugimoto K, Ohta H. Comparison of Hyakudoku-kudashi® with Colac® or Withone® in drug –taking satisfactory -Characteristic effect of Hyakudoku-kudashi® as a herbal laxative- . Igaku to Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science) 2006; 56: 367-76. | 2) | I |
| K59.0 | The effect on bowel movement and its safety | young barley leaf powder (大麦若葉粉末) |
Matsui N, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto S, et al. Safety and effect of young barley leaf powder on defecation. Nihon Rinsho Eiyo Gakkai Zasshi (Journal of Japanese Society of Clinical Nutrition)2008; 29: 406-13. | 2) | I |
| K59.0 | Evaluation of the safety and improvement in bowel habits of young barley leaf powder | young barley leaf powder (大麦若葉粉末) |
Matsui N, Yamamoto S, Nagao M, et al. Bowel Habit-improving Effect and safety of a young barley leaf powder-containing diet in male and female adult volunteers with low fecal frequency : a dose-finding study and an efficacy confirmation study. Journal of Japanese Society of Clinical Nutrition 2011; 32: 243-51. | 2) | I |
| K59.0 | Effect of complementary/alternative medicine on constipation in the elderly | - | Cherniack E. P. Use of complementary and alternative medicine to treat constipation in the elderly. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2013; 13: 533-8. | 2) Complementary/alternative medicine other than a Kampo preparation | I |
| K59.8 | Effect of daikenchuto on bowel dysfunction after liver transplantation | daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Kaido T, Shimamura T, Sugawara Y, et al. Multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of extract of Japanese herbal medicine Daikenchuto to prevent bowel dysfunction after adult liver transplantation (DKB 14 Study). BMJ Open 2015; 5: 1-5. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008356. | 5) Publication only includes protocols. | N |
| K71.9 | Preventive effect on danazol-induced hepatic damage | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Yaginuma T, Okamura T, Takeuchi T, et al. Preventive effect of traditional herbal medicine, shosaiko-to, on danazol-induced hepatic damage. International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics 1989; 29: 337-41. | 1) | C |
| K72.9 | Efficacy and safety for removal of plasma ammonia in hepatectomized patients | daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Kaiho T, Tanaka T, Tsuchiya S, et al. Effect of the herbal medicine dai-kenchu-to for serum ammonia in hepatectomized patients. Hepato-Gastroenteterology 2004; 52: 161-5. | 1) | C |
| K73.0 | Effect on chronic hepatitis | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Mizuta M, Murata K, Morimoto T, et al. Therapeutical evaluation of shosaikoto on chronic hepatitis – study on double-blind test -. Kan Tan Sui 1986; 12: 155-68. | 3) | I |
| K73.9 | Therapeutic effect on chronic active hepatitis | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Jia K, Chen N, Peng X, et al. The study of shosaikoto as treatment for chronic active hepatitis*. Progress in Medicine 1992; 12: 1180-3. | 2) | N |
| K73.9 | Effect on the adverse effects of IFN in patients with chronic hepatitis | maoto (麻黄湯) daiseiryuto (大青竜湯) |
Kainuma M, Hayashi J, Sakai S, et al. The efficacy of herbal medicine (Kampo) in reducing the adverse effects of IFN-b in chronic hepatitis C. American Journal of Chinese Medicine 2002; 30: 355-67. | 1) , 2) | C |
| K73.9 | Effect on the adverse effects of IFN in patients with chronic hepatitis | maoto (麻黄湯) |
Kainuma M, Sakai S, Sekiya N, et al. The effects of a herbal medicine (mao-to) in patients with chronic hepatitis C after injection of IFN-beta. Phytomedicine 2004; 11: 5-10. | 1) , 2) | C |
| K74.6 | Usefulness in the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis | saireito (柴苓湯) |
Ohkubo H, Shiota A, Amaki S, et al. Oriental medicine in liver cirrhosis: effect of “sairei-tou” in liver cirrhosis with controlled study. Kampo to Saishin Chiryo (Kampo & The Newest Therapy) 1994; 3: 121-7. | 1) | N |
| K76.9 | Effect on immune abnormality in liver disease | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Mizoguchi Y, Sakagami Y, Kodama C, et al. Immune abnormality in liver disease and oriental medicine therapy*. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1987; 4: 227-30. | 6) This was a basic study. | I |
| K83.1 | Effects in postoperative patients with biliary obstruction | inchinkoto (茵チン蒿湯) |
Kobayashi H, Horikoshi K, Yamataka A, et al. Beneficial effect of a traditional herbal medicine (inchin-ko-to) in postoperative biliary atresia patients. Pediatric Surgery International 2001; 17: 386-9. | 1) | C |
| K91.3 | Effects on bowel movements after colonic and rectal surgery | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) ＋ daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Suehiro T, Matsumata T, Shikada Y,et al. The effect of the herbal medicines dai-kenchu-to and keishi-bukuryo-gan on bowel movement after colorectal surgery. Hepato-Gastroenterology 2005; 52: 97-100. | 1) | C |
| K91.3 | Effectiveness of daikenchuto for bowel motility and prevention of paralytic ileus after pancreaticoduodenectomy | daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Okada K, Kawai M, Uesaka K, et al. Effect of daikenchuto (TJ-100) on postoperative bowel motility and on prevention of paralytic ileus after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a multicenter, randomized，placebo-controlled phase Ⅱtrial (The JAPAN-PD Study). Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013; 43: 436-8 | 5) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
12.Skin Diseases (7 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L20.9 | Evaluation of Kampo therapy for atopic dermatitis | shosaikoto, etc. (小柴胡湯ほか) |
Toyoda M. Kampo therapy and atopic dermatitis - An EBM evaluation of Kampo therapy for atopic dermatitis. Hifu no Kagaku (Skin Research) 2010; 9: suppl. 15: 22-7 | 4) | I |
| L30.9 | Effects on atopic dermatitis and chronic eczema | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Morohashi M, Toyoda M. Evaluation of efficacy of an evidence-based Kampo therapy for atopic dermatitis. Hifu no Kagaku (Skin Research) 2003; 2: 44-8. | 4) | I |
| L65.9 | Clinical evaluation in the treatment of male pattern baldness | Taiho HR-2 preparation (大宝HR-2製剤) |
DABAO HR-2Study Group. Topical DABAO HR-2in the treatment of male pattern alopecia – a randomized double-blind trial -. Rinsho Iyaku (Journal of Clinical Therapeutics & Medicines) 1988; 4: 1955-67. | 2) | I |
| L65.9 | Evaluation of kampo treatment for alopecia | hangekobokuto (半夏厚朴湯) |
Ohkuma M. Treatment of alopecia by Chinese drug, hange-koboku-to combined with liquid nitrogen application and PUVA – the second report- . Wakan Iyakugaku Zasshi (Journal of Traditional Medicines) 1998; 15: 422-3. | 1) | C |
| L70.0 | Effects on acne vulgaris | jumihaidokuto (十味敗毒湯) seijobofuto (清上防風湯） |
Hayashi N, Kawashima M. The usefulness of chemical peeling with 30% glycolic acid (ph 1.5) for acne vulgaris. Rinsho Hifuka (Japanese Journal of Clinical Dermatology) 2003; 57: 1213-6. | 6) Although used in combination, Kampo medicines were not evaluated. | I |
| L70.9 | Clinical efficacy of chemical peels for the treatment of acne | seijobofuto (清上防風湯), jumihaidokuto (十味敗毒湯) |
Kishioka A, Yamamoto Y, Miyazaki M, et al. Clinical evaluation of chemical peeling with glycolic acid for acne. Aesthetic Dermatology 2004; 14: 195-202. | 6) Although used in combination, Kampo medicines were not evaluated. | I |
| L91.0 | Evaluation of moxibustion marks with topical application of shiunko and with no topical application | shiunko (紫雲膏) |
Shirouzu Y, Okumura T, Ichiki A, et al. A comparison of the duration of moxibustion scars with topical application of shiunko before moxibustion and with topical application after moxibustion. The Journal of Japan College Association of Oriental Medicine 2015; 38: 112-5. | 1) | I&N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
13.Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue (5 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M06.9 | Effects of Kampo medicines on rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving methotrexate | keishinieppiryojutsubu (桂枝二越婢苓朮附) |
Kogure T, Tatsumi T, Sato H, et al. Traditional herbal medicines (Kampo) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving concomitant methotrexate: a preliminary study. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 2009; 16: 46-51. | 1) , 2) | C |
| M35.0 | Effects on Sjögren's syndrome | Bakumondoto (麦門冬湯) |
Doi Y, Suzuki T, Ono S. Effects of bakumondoto on Sjögren's syndrome*. Gendai Toyo Igaku (The Journal of Traditional Sino-Japanese Medicine) 1991; 12 suppl 1: 229-31. | 1) | N |
| M35.2 | Effects on Behçet's disease | unseiin (温清飲) |
Kaneko F. Clinical use of unseiin for Behcet’s disease. Progress in Medicine 1986; 6: 384-6. | 3) | N |
| M35.9 | Effects of Kampo medicines in treating collagen disease | saireito, etc. (柴苓湯ほか) |
Ohno S. Roles of Kampo medicine in treating rheumatic diseases. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2007; 24: 73-80. | 4) | C |
| M81.9 | Preventive effect of fufang for postmenopausal osteoporosis and fragility fractures | Fufang | Deng W-M, Zhang P, Huang H, et al. Five-year follow-up study of a kidney-tonifying herbal Fufang for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 2012; 30: 517-24. | 2) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
14.Genitourinary Tract Disorders (including Climacteric Disorders) (11 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N02.8 | Clinical efficacy for the treatment of IgA nephropathy in children | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Takahashi Y, Uemura M. Clinical efficacy of shosaikoto for the treatment of IgA nephropathy in children*. Kampo Igaku (Kampo Medicine) 1986; 10: 27-30. | 3) | N |
| N18.9 | Improvement of creatinine levels in chronic renal failure with yojinkodakuto | yojinkodakuto (養腎降濁湯) |
Nagasaka K, Fukuda H, Hashimoto M, et al. Yozinkodakuto, a traditional Chinese (Japanese Kampo) medicine, improves the creatinine level in chronic renal failure. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2007; 24: 87-9. | 1), 2) | C |
| N20.9 | Effects on excretion of calculi after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) | choreito (猪苓湯) |
Takada M, Yano H, Kanbara N, et al. Effect of chorei-to on spontaneous discharge of urinary stones after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Hinyokika Kiyo (Acta Urologica Japonica) 1997; 43: 311-4. | 1) | C |
| N20.9 | Evaluation of the effects on calcium oxalate crystal formation in human urine | choreito (猪苓湯), goreisan (五苓散) |
Yoshimura K, Miyake O, Okuyama A, et al. Effect of chorei-to and gorei-san on calcium oxalate crystallization in human urine. Hinyokika Kiyo (Acta Urologica Japonica) 1998; 44: 13-6. | 1) | C |
| N28.9 | Protective effects of anisodamine on renal function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction | anisodamine | Wang Y, Fu X, Wang X, et.al. Protective effects of anisodamine on renal function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 2011; 224: 91-7. | 2) | I |
| N41.1 | Combined effects of hachimijiogan and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on chronic prostatitis | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸) |
Kaneko S, Akiyama T, Kurita T. Combined treatment of chronic prostatitis with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Hinyokika Kiyo (Acta Urologica Japonica) 1988; 34: 1091-5. | 3) | N |
| N46 | Effects in patients with idiopathic male infertility | ninjin’yoeito (人参養栄湯) |
Oeda F, Ichikawa T, Ozawa H, et al. Clinical experience of ninjin-yoei-to on male sterility. Shinyaku to Rinsho (Journal of New Remedies & Clinics) 1994; 43: 2197-203. | 1) | I |
| N50.8 | Clinical efficacy for the treatment of urologic disease | saireito (柴苓湯) |
Shida K, Imamura K, Katayama T, et al. Clinical efficacy of sairei-to in various urinary tract diseases centering on fibrosis. Hinyokika Kiyo (Acta Urologica Japonica) 1994; 40: 1049-57. | 1) | C |
| N74 | Effects on infectious vaginal discharge | - | Nazar H, Usmanghani K, Hannan A. Clinical evaluation of unani medicine for infective vaginal discharge. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2005; 22: 301-7. | 2) | I |
| N95.1 | Effects in climacteric patients with depression | kamishoyosan (加味逍遙散) |
Ushiroyama T, Ikeda A, Sakuma K, et al. Changes in serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) with kami-shoyo-san administration in depressed climacteric patients. American Journal of Chinese Medicine 2004; 32: 621-9. | 1) | C |
| N97.9 | Effects on infertility due to ovarian dysfunction | kamishoyosan (加味逍遙散) |
Kano T, Ito C, Kasamatsu H, et al. Clinical study of prognosis of 200 deliveries after kampo-treatment for ovarian dysfunctional infertilities and tocolysis. Nihon Funin Gakkai Zasshi (Japanese Journal of Fertility and Sterility) 1991; 36: 612-20. | 1) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
15.Ante/Post-partum Diseases (2 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O12.0 | Clinical benefits for patients with gestational edema | saireito (柴苓湯) |
Iura T, Kuwahara S, Takabayashi H, et al. Clinical benefits of saireito treatment for gestational edema*. Rinsho Fjinka Sanka (Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics) 1994; 48: 355-8. | 1) | N |
| O92.3 | Clinical efficacy for postpartum galactostasis | kakkonto (葛根湯) |
Aisaka K, Kokuho K, Tawada T, et al. Study of the clinical efficacy of kakkonto (EK-1) for treatment of postpartum galactostasis*. Sanfujinka no Sekai (The World of Obstetrics and Gynecology) 1990; 42: 289-93. | 1) | N |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
18.Symptoms and Signs (18 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R10.4 | Effects on lower abdominal pain after surgery | Tokishigyakuka- goshuyushokyoto (当帰四逆加呉茱萸生姜湯) |
Nishizawa Y, Amakata Y. The clinical effect of tokishigyakuka-goshuyushokyoto on abdominal pain following to lower abdominal operation. Toyo Igaku to Pain Clinic (Oriental Medicine and the Pain Clinic) 1988; 18: 138-44. | 1) | N |
| R13 | Effects on swallowing reflex | hangekobokuto (半夏厚朴湯) |
Iwasaki K, Wang Q, Nakagawa T, et al. The traditional Chinese medicine banxia houpo tang improves swallowing reflex. Phytomedicine 1999; 6: 103-6. | 1) | C |
| R19.8 | Anomalous abdominal relaxation in Shakuju therapy | - | Takahashi K, Matsuzawa T, Hara O, et al. Research into anomalous abdominal relaxation in Shakuju therapy. Toyo Ryoho Gakko Kyokai Gakkai Shi (The Journal of Japan College Association of Oriental Medicine) 2012; 35: 81-3. | 2) | I |
| R20.8 | Effects on diabetic neuropathy | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Sakamoto N, Sato Y, Goto Y, et al. Treatment of diabetic neuropathy with oriental medicines - comparison between goshajinkigan and mecobalamin*. Tonyobyo (Journal of the Japan Diabetes Society) 1987; 30: 729-36. | 3) | I |
| R20.8 | Effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy | goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) |
Toba K, Orimo H. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy*. Shindan to Chiryo (Diagnosis and Treatment) 1986; 74: 2330-4. | 3) | N |
| R25.2 | Usefulness in the treatment of muscle cramp associated with hepatic cirrhosis | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸), goreisan (五苓散), shakuyakukanzoto (芍薬甘草湯) |
Takamori S, Ando T. A study of the effect of hachimi-jio-gan on painful muscle cramps (komuragaeri). Nihon Toyo Igaku Zasshi (Kampo Medicine) 1994; 45: 151-7. | 1) | N |
| R42.0 | Efficacy and safety in the treatment of chronic dizziness | Saikokaryukotsu- boreito (柴胡加竜骨牡蛎湯) ryokeijutsukanto (苓桂朮甘湯) |
Komatsuzak A, Sakata E, Kamei T, et al. Clinical study of chai-hu-gia-long-gu-nu-li tang and ling-gui-zhu-gan tang on chronic dizziness cares. Yakuri to Chiryo (Japanese Pharmacology & Therapeutics) 1986; 14: 4479-90. | 3) | I |
| R42.0 | Efficacy in the treatment of dizziness | takushato (沢瀉湯) |
Yoneta Y, Hashiguchi K, Takiguchi Y, et al. Clinical efficacy of takushato a Kampo (Japanese herbal) medicine, in the treatment of refractory dizziness and vertigo: Comparison between standard and triple dose. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2009; 26: 68-73. | 2) | I |
| R42 | QOL improvement with combination of hochuekkito and vestibular rehabilitation for patients with dizziness and depression tendency | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) |
Arai M, Goto F, Hosaka T. Study of Combination Therapy of Vestibular Rehabilitation and Hochuekkito for Intractable Dizziness. Shinshin Igaku (Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine) 2012; 52: 221-8 (in Japanese) | 1) | I |
| R50.9 | Effects of on postoperative nonspecific fever | shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Ochiai K, Kobayashi S, Shimizu Y, et al. Effect of Chinese medicine for nonspecific fever after operation. Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Tokyo Chiho Bukai Kaishi (Tokyo Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology) 1986; 35: 279-82. | 3) | N |
| R51.0 | Usefulness for treating chronic headache | keishininjinto (桂枝人参湯), chotosan (釣藤散) |
Matsumoto H, Kashiwagi M, Matsuya M, et al. Study of the usefulness of keishininjinto and chotosan for treating chronic headache*. Rinsho to Kenkyu (Japanese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine)1995; 72: 1299-303. | 1) | N |
| R51.0 | Effects of Kampo therapy on primary headache (other than migraine) | chotosan, etc. (釣藤散ほか) |
Chiba N, Oka T, Tsuji S. Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine, EBM Team Report: Kampo therapy evidence for psychosomatic disease and stress-related disease - Primary headache (non-migraine). Nihon Toyo Shinshin Igaku Kenkyu (Journal of Japanese Association of Oriental Psychosomatic Medicine) 2009; 24: 85-8 (in Japanese with English abstract). | 4) | I |
| R51 | Effectiveness of yangxue qingnao for chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency | yangxue qingnao (養血清脳) |
Wu C, Liao L, Yan X, et al. Effects of Yangxue Qingnao Granules on chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled multicentre trial. Psychogeriatrics 2013; 13: 29-34. | 2) | I |
| R52.9 | Effects on postoperative abdominal pain | Tokishigyakuka- goshuyushokyoto (当帰四逆加呉茱萸生姜湯) |
Nishizawa Y, Amakata Y. The analysis of the effect of tokishigyakuka-goshuyushokyoto on the abdominal pain after lower abdominal operation. Toyo Igaku to Pain Clinic (Oriental Medicine and the Pain Clinic) 1988; 18: 102-8. | 1) | I |
| R52.9 | Effects on postoperative abdominal pain | Tokishigyakuka- goshuyushokyoto (当帰四逆加呉茱萸生姜湯) |
Nishizawa Y, Amakata Y. The clinical effect of tokishigyakuka-goshuyushokyoto on abdominal pain following to abdominal operation. - III Clinical effectiveness in each class of CMI classification-. Toyo Igaku to Pain Clinic (Oriental Medicine and the Pain Clinic) 1988; 18: 50-7. | 1) | I |
| R53 | Effects on chronic fatigue | various kinds of decoctions (煎剤) |
Sekiya N, Shimada Y, Shintani T, et al. Reduction of perception of chronic fatigue in an observational study of patients receiving 12 weeks of Kampo therapy. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 2005; 11: 895-901. | 1) , 2) | C |
| R68.8 | Effects on "oketsu" score and erythrocyte deformability in patients with multiple lacunar infarction | keishibukuryogan (桂枝茯苓丸) |
Hikiami H, Goto H, Sekiya N, et al. Comparative efficacy of keishi-bukuryo-gan and pentoxifylline on RBC deformability in patients with "oketsu" syndrome. Phytomedicine 2003; 10: 459-66. | 1) , 2) | C |
| R68.8 | Effects on indefinite complaints including coldness and shoulder stiffness | NT21 fine granules (keishibukuryogan [桂枝茯苓丸] +vitamin E) |
Sato N, Takei N, Ikejima K, et al. Effects of a combination preparation of guizhi fuling wan and vitamin E on indefinite complaints such as stiffness of shoulder and cold feeling. Toho Igaku (Eastern Medicine) 2004; 19: 23-43. | 2) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
19.Injury, Poisoning, and Postoperative Pain (3 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T14.0 | Effect of hochuekkito on skin damage due to UV radiation | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) |
Kobayashi H, Yanagihara S, Tamiya Y, et al. Histopathological study of the effects of astragalus bupleurum and gingseng combination formula bupleurum and gingseng combination formula hochuekkito a traditional Japanese herbal medicine on ultraviolet-irradiated skin damage in hairless mice. American Journal of dermatopathology 2014; 36: e40-1 | 6) This was a basic study. | C |
| T65.8 | Effects on yusho (油症) | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) keigairengyoto (荊芥連翹湯) goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸) Bakumondoto (麦門冬湯) |
Tokunaga S. Kampo therapy for yusho. Research on the effect of the heating medium on humans, and its therapeutic effects*. Kosei Rodosho Kagaku Kenkyuhi Hojokin Shokuhin no Anshin Anzen Kakuho Suishin Kenkyu Jigyo Heisei 19 Nendo Sokatsu Buntan Kenkyu Hokokusho (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Science Research Grant, Food Safety and Security Promotion Research Project, Summary and Working-group Research Report Fiscal Year 2006) 2008; 65-72. | 1) | N |
| T75.2 | Combined effects of balneotherapy with other therapies | tokishigyakukagoshuto (当帰四逆加呉茱萸湯), goshajinkigan (牛車腎気丸), bushimatsu (ブシ末) |
Wang H, Eboshida A, Kagamimori S. Balneotherapy in combination with other therapies. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine 2010; 73: 143-58. | 4) | I |
- Note:
- Original English titles assigned by authors were used in this list and the structured abstracts. When references had no English titles, the Task Force translated the original Japanese titles into English ones (*).
- Abbreviations:
- C: The Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), I: Igaku Chuo Zasshi (Japana Centra Revuo Medicana, Ichushi), N: Database Offered by Nikkankyo (the Japan Kampo Medicines Manufacturers Association)
- 1) Clinical studies that were not RCTs or meta-analyses.
- 2) Studies using medicines that were not approved as Kampo preparations in Japan (Kampo tozai [decoctions], Chinese preparations, and others).
- 3) Studies using Kampo preparations manufactured before 1985 (their quality being different from that currently available).
- 4) Studies citing existing RCT papers.
- 5) Studies with unclear content.
- 6) Others (reasons are described in the list).
Reasons for exclusion were classified as follows:
21.Others (23 references)
| ICD10 | Research Question |
Kampo Formula |
References | Reason for exclusion |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z01.8 | Effects on plasma levels of gut-regulatory peptides in healthy subjects | keishininjinto (桂枝人参湯) |
Sato Y, Katagiri F, Inoue S, et al. Effect of a single treatment with keishininjinto on plasma levels of gut-regulatory peptides in healthy subjects. Journal of Health Science 2007; 53: 220-5. | 1) | I |
| Z01.8 | Effects on gastrointestinal peptide concentrations in the plasma of healthy subjects | shohangeka-bukuryoto (小半夏加茯苓湯) |
Katagiri F, Itoh H, Takeyama M. Effect of sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to on gastrointestinal peptide concentrations in the plasma of healthy human subjects. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2004; 27: 1674-8. | 1) | C |
| Z01.8 | Effects on human plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in patients exposed to continual stress | shohangeka-bukuryoto (小半夏加茯苓湯) nichinto (二陳湯) |
Katagiri F, Inoue S, Sato Y, et al. Comparison of the effects of sho-hange-ka-bukuryo-to and nichin-to on human plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels with continual stress exposure. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2004; 27: 1679-82. | 1) | C |
| Z01.8 | Effects on plasma neuropeptide levels in healthy subjects | Daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Sato Y, Inoue S, Katagiri F, et al. Effects of pirenzepine on dai-kenchu-to-induced elevation of the plasma neuropeptide levels in humans. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2006; 29: 166-71.
|
1) | I |
| Z01.8 | Effects on plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptides and substance P in healthy subjects | ninjinto (人参湯) |
Sato Y, Katagiri F, Inoue S, et al. Effects of ninjin-to on levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in human plasma. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2004; 27: 2032-4. | 1) | C |
| Z01.8 | Immunological effects in bedridden elderly patients | hochuekkito (補中益気湯) kanzo powder (甘草末) hochuekkito (補中益気湯)＋ kanzo powder (甘草末) |
ide H, Okuda C. Evaluation of immunological effects of hochuekkito and kanzo powder in bedridden elderly patients**. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1988; 5: 555. | 5) | N |
| Z01.8 | Changes in serotonin and vasoactive intestinal peptides in human plasma | Daikenchuto (大建中湯) |
Nagano T, Itoh H, Takeyama M. Effect of dai-kenchu-to on levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and vasoactive intestinal peptides in human plasma. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2000; 23: 352-3. | 1) | C&I |
| Z01.8 | Effects on plasma levels of brain-gut peptides (motilin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, and somatostatin) | ninjinto (人参湯) |
Naito T, Itoh H, Nagano T, et al. Effects of ninjin-to on levels of brain-gut peptides (motilin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, and somatostatin) in human plasma. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2001; 24: 194-6. | 1) | C&I |
| Z01.8 | Improvement in QOL of patients undergoing bowel preparation for colonoscopy | Daikenchuto (大建中湯) shakuyakukanzoto (芍薬甘草湯) |
Saida Y. Efficacy of daikenchuto combination in bowel preparation for colonoscopy － 6 prospective study*. Progress in Medicine 2005; 25: 3058-9. | 5) | N |
| Z01.8 | Effects on corticosteroids | hachimijiogan (八味地黄丸) |
Itoh T, Tanaka N, Shibahara N, et al. Effect of hachimi- jio- gan on adrenal corticosteroids. Wakan Iyaku Gakkaishi (Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU) 1998; 15: 155-60. | 2) | I |
| Z01.8 | Pharmacokinetics of (-) epicatechin 3-O-gallate, glycyrrhetic acid, and rhein in healthy subjects after unpito administration | unpito (温脾湯) |
Takizawa Y, Mizuhara Y, Morita T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of (-) epicatechin 3-o-Gallate, glycyrrhetic acid and rhein in healthy male volunteers after a single dose administration of TJ-8117 (Unpito), a Japanese traditional medicine for renal failure. Rinsho Yakuri (Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics) 2006; 37: 33-40. | 2) | I |
| Z01.8 | Effects on serum triglyceride levels in healthy young women | azukiyu (azuki bean juice) |
Maruyama C, Araki R, Kawamura M, et al. Azuki bean juice lowers serum triglyceride concentrations in healthy young women. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 2008; 43: 19-25. | 2) | I |
| Z01.8 | Serum aconitine concentrations after bushi powder administration | shuchibushimatsu (修治ブシ末) bushi powder (ブシ末) |
Nakae H, Fujita Y, Igarashi T, et al. Serum aconitine concentrations after taking powdered processed Aconiti tuber. Biomedical Research 2008; 29: 225-31. | 2) An herbal preparation was used. | C |
| Z01.8 | Effect of bushimatsu on blood plasma serotonin and interleukin 18 levels | bushimatsu (ブシ末) |
Nakae H. Plasma serotonin and interleukin 18 levels after taking powdered processed aconiti tuber. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine 2010; 7: 1-9. | 2) A herbal preparation was used. | N |
| Z01.8 | Effect of bushimatsu on degree of oxidation and antioxidative activity | shuchibushimatsu (修治ブシ末), bushimatsu (ブシ末) |
Nakae H. Clinical Evaluation of oxidative stress after taking powdered processed Aconiti Tuber. Nihon Toyo Igaku Zasshi (Kampo Medicine) 2010; 61: 15-8 (in Japanese with English abstract). | 2) A herbal preparation was used. | N |
| Z01.8 | Physical property of glycyrrhizin contained in kampo extracts and change in the blood levels of glycyrrhetinic acid | Shoseiryuto (小青竜湯), shosaikoto (小柴胡湯) |
Miyamura M, Ono M, Kyotani S, et al. Properties of glycyrrhizin in Kampo extracts including licorice root and changes in the blood concentration of glycyrrhetic acid after oral administration of Kampo extracts. Yakugaku Zasshi (Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan) 1996; 116: 209-16. | 1) | C |
| Z01.8 | Comparison of differences in human gene expression induced by tokishakuyakusan containing different grades of crude drug | tokishakuyakusan (当帰芍薬散) |
Hayasaki T, Katoh A, Shojo M, et al. Differences in human gene expression induced by tokishakuyakusan containing different grades of Angelica radix. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2010; 27: 166-78. | 1) | I |
| Z01.8 | Comparison of GLP-1 response and postprandial blood sugar and insulin level to evaluate the effects of the traditional Japanese medicine rikkunshito on postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism | rikkunshito (六君子湯) |
Tanaka K, Urita Y, Nara K, et al. Effects of the traditional Japanese medicine rikkunshito on postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism. Hepato-Gastroenterology 2011; 58: 1112-8. | 6) This is an RCT-cross over paper, however, the RCT-cross over outcomes were not described in the results. | N |
| Z01.9 | Effects on plasma levels of brain-gut peptides (motilin, gastrin, and somatostatin) | hangeshashinto (半夏瀉心湯) |
Naito T, Itoh H, Yasunaga F, et al. Hange-shashin-to raises levels of somatostatin, motilin, and gastrin in the plasma of healthy subjects. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2002; 25: 327-31. | 1) | I |
| Z02.9 | Augmentative effect on acupuncture anesthesia | shakuyakukanzoto (芍薬甘草湯) |
Kitade T, Jinno H, Hyodo M, et al. Experimental study of the augmentative effect of shakuyakukanzoto on acupuncture anesthesia*. Kiso to Rinsho (The Clinical Report) 1986; 20: 3309-14. | 3) | I |
| Z22.8 | Effects of hozai (補剤, formulations with tonic effects) on carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) undergoing neurosurgery | juzentaihoto (十全大補湯) hochuekkito (補中益気湯) |
Karibe H, Kumabe T, Ishibashi Y, et al. The effect of Japanese herbal medicine on MRSA carrier in neurosurgery. No Shinkei Geka (Neurological Surgery) 1997; 25: 893-7. | 1) | C |
| - | Pharmacoeconomic analysis | various prescriptions | Koinuma M, Kamei M, Matsumoto K, et al. Feasibility study for the pharmacoeconomic analysis of Kampo Medicines. Nihon Toyo Igaku Zasshi (Kampo Medicine) 2005; 56: 813-22. | 6) This was not a clinical study. | I |
| - | Effects of abdominal examination practice with simulated patients on acupuncture and moxibustion students | None | Okuno Y, Taniguchi M. Effects of abdominal examination practice with simulated patients on acupuncture and moxibustion students (No. 1) Communication ability among sighted students. Education of Acupuncture and Manual Therapy 2010; 6: 10-5. | 6) This was a study of acupuncture and moxibusiton | I |
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